You are inaccurate in your beliefs. Neither are browsers and both do make many other apps function differently. Basically they prevent other apps from launching a pop up or other ads and/or leaving/reading/noting cookies on your browser.
I do not know if they work on Androids. They are Apps themselves which block and prevent advertising pop ups and similar from appearing a browser.
They each also list what they block and any desired ads/cookies/tracking can easily be permitted to show/operate.
So I had a long response typed up, with links to information and all kinds of crap. Then, looking back, I found that I was the first person to say "Android" in this thread - meaning I made an assumption there.
I looked up those two ads on my wife's iPhone, and found that they do seem to function like you describe (according to their descriptions, anyway). It's unclear if they would work on a non-browser app like Tapatalk, however.